DataBind Controls to REST データ in C++Builder

The CData ODBC Driver for REST makes it easy to integrate connectivity to live REST のデータ with standard data access components in C++Builder. This article shows how to create a simple visual component library (VCL) application in C++Builder that connects to REST のデータ, executes queries, and displays the results in a grid. An additional section shows how to use FireDAC components to execute commands from code.

Create a Connection to REST データ

If you have not already, first specify connection properties in an ODBC DSN (data source name). This is the last step of the driver installation. You can use the Microsoft ODBC Data Source Administrator to create and configure ODBC DSNs.

データソースへの認証については、データプロバイダーのヘルプドキュメントの「はじめに」を参照してください: データプロバイダーはREST API を双方向データベーステーブルとして、XML/JSON ファイル（ローカルファイル、一般的なクラウドサービスに保存されているファイル、FTP サーバー）を読み取り専用のビューとしてモデル化します。HTTP Basic、Digest、NTLM、OAuth、FTP などの主要な認証スキームがサポートされています。認証についての詳細は、ヘルプドキュメントの「はじめに」を参照してください。

URI を設定し、認証値を指定したら、Format を"XML" または"JSON" に設定して、データ表現をデータ構造により厳密に一致させるようにDataModel を設定します。

DataModel プロパティは、データをどのようにテーブルに表現するかを制御するプロパティで、以下の基本的な設定を切り替えます。

• Document （デフォルト）：REST データのトップレベルのドキュメントビューをモデル化します。データプロバイダーはネストされたエレメントをデータの集計として返します。
• FlattenedDocuments：ネストされたドキュメントとその親を単一テーブルとして暗黙的に結合します。
• Relational：階層データから個々の関連テーブルを返します。テーブルには、親ドキュメントにリンクする主キーと外部キーが含まれます。

リレーショナル表現の構成について詳しくは、「REST データのモデル化」を参照してください。次の例で使用されているサンプルデータもあります。データには、人、所有している車、およびそれらの車で行われたさまざまなメンテナンスサービスのエントリが含まれています。The data includes entries for people, the cars they own, and various maintenance services performed on those cars.

You can then follow the steps below to use the Data Explorer to create a FireDAC connection to REST.

1. In a new VCL Forms application, expand the FireDAC node in the Data Explorer.
2. Right-click the ODBC Data Source node in the Data Explorer.
3. Click Add New Connection.
4. Enter a name for the connection.
5. In the FireDAC Connection Editor that appears, set the DataSource property to the name of the ODBC DSN for REST.

Create VCL Applications with Connectivity to REST データ

Follow the procedure below to start querying REST のデータ from a simple VCL application that displays the results of a query in a grid.

1. Drop a TFDConnection component onto the form and set the following properties:

   • ConnectionDefName: Select the FireDAC connection to REST.
   • Connected: Select True from the menu and, in the dialog that appears, enter your credentials.

2. Drop a TFDQuery component onto the form and set the properties below:

   • Connection: Set this property to the TFDConnection component, if this component is not already specified.

   • SQL: Click the button in the SQL property and enter a query. For example:

     SELECT [people].[personal.age] AS age, [people].[personal.gender] AS gender, [people].[personal.name.first] AS first_name, [people].[personal.name.last] AS last_name, [vehicles].[model], FROM [people] JOIN [vehicles] ON [people].[_id] = [vehicles].[people_id]
   • Active: Set this property to true.

3. Drop a TDataSource component onto the form and set the following property:

   • DataSet: In the menu for this property, select the name of the TFDQuery component.

4. Drop a TDBGrid control onto the form and set the following property:

   • DataSource: Select the name of the TDataSource.
5. Drop a TFDGUIxWaitCursor onto the form — this is required to avoid a run-time error.

Execute Commands to REST with FireDAC Components

You can use the TFDConnection and TFQuery components to execute queries to REST のデータ. This section provides restspecific examples of executing queries with the TFQuery component.

Connect to REST データ

To connect to the data source, set the Connected property of the TFDConnection component to true. You can set the same properties from code:

To connect the TFDQuery component to REST のデータ, set the Connection property of the component. When a TFDQuery component is added at design time, its Connection property is automatically set to point to a TFDConnection on the form, as in the application above.

Create Parameterized Queries

To create a parameterized query, use the following syntax below:

The example above binds a string-type input parameter by name and then opens the dataset that results.

Prepare the Statement

Preparing statements is costly in system resources and time. The connection must be active and open while a statement is prepared. By default, FireDAC prepares the query to avoid recompiling the same query over and over. To disable statement preparation, set ResourceOptions.DirectExecute to True; for example, when you need to execute a query only once.

Execute a Query

To execute a query that returns a result set, such as a select query, use the Open method. The Open method executes the query, returns the result set, and opens it. The Open method will return an error if the query does not produce a result set.

To execute a query that does not return a result set, use the ExecSQL method. The ExecSQL method will return an error if the query returns a result set. To retrieve the count of affected rows use the TFD.RowsAffected property.

Related Articles

Below you can find other articles for using the CData ODBC Driver with RAD Studio, Delphi, and C++ Builder.

• DataBind Controls to REST データ in Delphi
• Viewing REST データ in RAD Studio Data Explorer
• Build a Simple VCL Application for REST データ